The Nadir: New Tactics in the Continued Fight for Suffrage
By 1900, the first national Black association - the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) - was four years old and 5,000 members strong. Unlike the NAWSA, the NACW had many focuses including social issues around health, housing and education and racial issues like anti-lynching and self-preservation.
Suffrage was among their priorities, but as women of color, they had serious and often life-threatening issues that demanded their attention. By 1924, the NACW would reach 100,000 members.
National Association of Colored Women

For the mainstream campaign, the coming years would bring new leadership, new organizations and new tactics to the continuing fight for women’s voting rights — a battle that would culminate in the passage of the 19th Amendment Passed in 1919, this Amendment gave women the right to vote, although African American and American Indian women still faced considerable barriers. At first, the nonpartisan NAWSA focused on gaining the vote in individual states, under the leadership of women like Carrie Chapman Catt and Anna Howard Shaw.